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Martin Luther King Jr.
A Baptist minister trained in theology at Boston University, he became the spokesman of the ...
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John Lewis
A theology student, he took part in the Nashville sit-ins and then became one of ...
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Ella Baker
A seasoned organizer, she worked for the NAACP in the 1940s and then became the ...
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A. Philip Randolph
Founder and leader of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first major Black labor ...
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Diane Nash
A student in Nashville, she led the sit-ins that desegregated the city’s lunch counters in ...
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Roy Wilkins
A journalist and then a NAACP administrator, he became its executive secretary in 1955 and ...
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Stokely Carmichael
A Caribbean-American student, he joined the SNCC and took part in Freedom Summer in 1964, ...
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J. Edgar Hoover
FBI Director since 1924, he viewed the civil rights movement, and Martin Luther King in ...
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James Bevel
A minister trained at the American Baptist Theological Seminary alongside John Lewis, he became one ...
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Medgar Evers
A World War II veteran, he became the NAACP’s first field secretary for Mississippi in ...
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Thurgood Marshall
A lawyer trained at Howard University’s law school, he led the NAACP Legal Defense Fund ...
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Bayard Rustin
A longtime pacifist and socialist activist, he introduced Martin Luther King to Gandhian civil disobedience ...
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Elijah Muhammad
Successor to Wallace Fard Muhammad as leader of the Nation of Islam in 1934, he ...
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James Forman
A former teacher, he became the SNCC’s executive secretary in 1961, a key administrative post ...
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James Lawson
A Methodist minister and conscientious objector imprisoned for refusing conscription during the Korean War, he ...
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Malcolm X
Converted to Islam in prison, he became the Nation of Islam’s most charismatic minister and ...
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Michael Schwerner
A New York social worker, he moved with his wife Rita to Mississippi in January ...
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Ralph Abernathy
A Montgomery minister, he was one of the organizers of the bus boycott alongside Martin ...
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Bob Moses
A mathematics teacher trained at Harvard, he joined the SNCC in 1961 to organize Black ...
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C.T. Vivian
A minister and early activist, he took part in the Nashville sit-ins and then the ...
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Constance Baker Motley
An attorney at the NAACP Legal Defense Fund led by Thurgood Marshall, she helped draft ...
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Coretta Scott King
A trained musician, she married Martin Luther King in 1953 and became involved in the ...
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Daisy Bates
A journalist and president of the Arkansas NAACP branch, she took charge of organizing the ...
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James Farmer
Co-founder in 1942 of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), one of the movement’s oldest ...
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James Meredith
A US Air Force veteran, he applied to the University of Mississippi in 1961 with ...
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Robert F. Kennedy
Attorney General under his brother President John F. Kennedy, he sent federal marshals to protect ...
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Rosa Parks
Secretary of the local NAACP branch and trained in civil disobedience at the Highlander Folk ...
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Andrew Goodman
A New York student recruited during COFO’s training sessions in Ohio, he arrived in Mississippi ...
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Bull Connor
Birmingham’s Commissioner of Public Safety for nearly a quarter century, he embodied the most brutal ...
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Fannie Lou Hamer
A Mississippi sharecropper, she was fired from the plantation where she worked and severely beaten ...
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Fred Shuttlesworth
A minister in Birmingham, Alabama, one of the most violently segregationist cities in the South, ...
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George Wallace
Elected Governor of Alabama in 1962, he promised in his inaugural address “segregation now, segregation ...
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James Chaney
A young Black man from Meridian, Mississippi, he joined CORE as a volunteer and helped ...
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John F. Kennedy
Initially cautious on racial issues for fear of alienating Southern Democrats, he was forced to ...
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Julian Bond
A student at Atlanta’s Morehouse College, he took part in founding the SNCC in 1960 ...
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Louis Farrakhan
A calypso singer converted to the Nation of Islam in the mid-1950s, he became one ...
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Lyndon B. Johnson
A Texas senator who became vice president and then president after Kennedy’s assassination in 1963, ...
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Mamie Till-Mobley
After her son Emmett’s murder in 1955, she insisted that his mutilated body be displayed ...
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Myrlie Evers-Williams
A full-fledged NAACP activist alongside her husband Medgar Evers, she spent the decades following his ...
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Whitney Young
A social worker trained at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he became executive ...
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Andrew Young
A minister and close adviser to Martin Luther King, he joined the SCLC in 1961 ...
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Emmett Till
A fourteen-year-old from Chicago, he was abducted, tortured and murdered in Mississippi in August 1955 ...
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Hosea Williams
A decorated World War II veteran, he joined the SCLC and became one of its ...
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Jesse Jackson
A young seminary student, he joined the SCLC in the mid-1960s and headed its Chicago ...
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Jimmie Lee Jackson
A Baptist deacon and the youngest person ever registered to vote in his county, he ...
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Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson
A student in Atlanta, she took part in the sit-ins and then the 1961 Freedom ...